- Arms should be bent 85-90° at the elbows - at all times.
- Swing arms loosely and vigorously, pivoting from the shoulders.
- Keep hands close to the body, heel of the hand brushing by the hip bone.
- The hands should not cross the vertical nor horizontal midline of the torso.
- At the completion of the forward swing, the upper arm should be parallel with the torso. In the forward swing, the hands are not driven upward.
- During the back swing, imagine you are reaching for a handkerchief in your hip pocket. Avoid extending the arm past your current range of motion - this can lead to bent over posture and restricted breathing.
- Keep the hands relaxed - a loosely clenched fist with the thumb on top is the most effective technique.
- Proper arm action is very important in achieving and maintaining a powerful torso and leg technique - resulting in a faster, controlled pace.


